Microstructures and properties of nickel-titanium carbide composites fabricated by laser cladding

In this work, Ni/TiC composites were synthesized by the laser cladding technique (LCT). A scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), microhardness meter, electrochemical workstation, and friction and wear tester examined the microstructure, surface morphology, phase structure, microhardness, wear, and corrosion resistances of the Ni/TiC composites. These results indicated the Ni/40TiC composite contained finer equiaxed crystals than the Ni and Ni/20TiC composites. In addition, numerous TiC particles in the Ni/40TiC composite impeded growth of the nickel crystals, which resulted in the fine microstructure of the Ni/40TiC composite. The Ni, Ni/20TiC, and Ni/40TiC composites exhibited face-centered cubic (f c c) lattices. The average microhardness values of the Ni/20TiC and Ni/40TiC composites were approximately 748 HV and 851 HV, respectively. The Ni/40TiC composite had the lowest friction coefficient (0.43) among all three coatings, and only some shallow scratches appeared on the surface of the Ni/40TiC composite. The corrosion potential (E) of Ni/40TiC exceeded the Ni/20TiC composite, and both were larger than the Ni composite, which indicated the Ni/40TiC composite had outstanding corrosion resistance and the Ni composite had poor corrosion resistance. The corrosion current densities (i) of Ni, Ni/20TiC, and Ni/40TiC composites were 5.912, 4.405, and 3.248 μA/cm², respectively.     

超支化镍系催化剂构效关系及催化乙烯齐聚机理

采用1.0G超支化大分子（1.0G）、3-取代水杨醛和NiCl₂·6H₂O为原料，依次经席夫碱反应和络合反应合成了3种新型具有不同取代基位阻的超支化水杨醛亚胺配体及其镍系催化剂，利用红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振氢谱（¹H NMR）、紫外光谱（UV-vis）、电喷雾质谱（ESI-MS）及电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）等方法对合成出产物的结构进行表征。考察了配体空间位阻、溶剂种类、助催化剂种类及反应条件对催化乙烯齐聚性能的影响。研究结果表明，配体空间位阻对催化乙烯齐聚性能有较大的影响，当以甲苯为溶剂、甲基铝氧烷（MAO）为助催化剂，在最佳反应条件下，超支化邻苯基水杨醛亚胺镍系催化剂催化乙烯齐聚的活性为2.81×10⁵g/(mol Ni·h)，对高碳烯烃（C₁₀₊）的选择性为34.28%。此外，在超支化水杨醛亚胺镍系催化剂催化性能评价的基础上，对其催化乙烯齐聚的机理进行研究。     

Efficient hydrogen production for industry and electricity storage via high-temperature electrolysis

The paper describes the development status of Sunfire's reversible solid oxide cell (RSOC) technology. Here, Sunfire is a pioneer in the field of high-temperature electrolysers (HTE) for renewable hydrogen production which can be operated as a fuel cell for power generation in a reverse mode. The maturity of the technology is improved stepwise so that first applications in the field of hydrogen production for industry and electricity storage can be tackled. Three application examples where larger scale prototype has been installed will be discussed: 1) A power-to-power electricity storage based on hydrogen, 2) a RSOC unit that is installed in an iron and steel works, and 3) a pressurized SOEC prototype which will be integrated with a methanation unit. Results show the potentials of the technology in connection with fluctuating renewable energy sources.     

Super-oleophilicity Co-doping Co2+/F-/TiO2 one-dimensional nanotubes for photocatalytic denitrification of light oil

In this study, a simple hydrothermal synthesis method was adapted for the preparation of Co-doping Co²⁺/F^-/TiO₂ nanotubes photocatalyst, and the micro-nano structure of catalysts prepared by biomimetic technology which makes the catalyst have super-oleophilicity property. Co²⁺/F^-/TiO₂ revealed improved photocatalytic performance for denitrification of light oil compared to single TiO₂ photocatalysts. The enhance of photocatalytic activity can be attributed to narrowing the band gap, increasing the light response wavelength and exposing more highly active crystal surfaces due to synergistic effects of Co²⁺ and F^? in the photocatalyst.     

Effect of heat-treatment on the surface properties of gallium phosphide nanosolids by Raman spectroscopy

Raman spectra of gallium phosphide （GAP） nanosolids （unheated and heat-treated at 598 and 723 K, respectively） were investigated. It was observed that both the longitudinal optical mode （LO） and the transverse optical mode （TO） displayed an asymmetry on the low-wavenumber side. The scattering bands were fitted to a sum of four Lorentzians which were assigned to the LO mode, surface phonon mode, TO mode, and a combination of Ga-O-P symmetric bending and sum band formed from the X-point TA ＋ LA phonons, respectively. Analysis of the characteristic of surface phonon mode revealed that the surface phonon peak of the GaP nanosolids could be confirmed. In the infrared spectrum of the GaP nanoparticles, we observed the bands on account of symmetric stretching and bending of PO2, as well as stretching of Ga-O The Raman scattering intensity arising from the Ga-O-P linkages increased as increasing the heat-treatment temperature.     

基于多Agent的油藏工作协同平台研究

文章根据油藏研究工作的实际要求,按照业务驱动和协同工作的设计理念,采用面向服务架构(SOA)、多Agent等技术,提出和建立了油藏研究支持平台系统框架、油藏研究数据的统一存储逻辑结构与管理模式、多工作区软件协同应用机制,并提出了相关设计的技术解决方案,可实现在一个服务器下将所有在用专业软件集成在一个平台进行协同工作和油藏研究数据的统一存储与管理,解决数模建模成果存储零散没有形成大规模数据存储等问题。     

虚拟数据中心的数据映射与数据路由策略研究

数据中心基础数据积累通常使用三种手段:1)ETL技术;2)数据联邦技术;3)中间件技术.但三种技术侧重各有不同,不能同时满足数据集成的持久性与可用性.结合技术优势提出数据虚拟整合,为解决数据虚拟异构数据模型间的数据转换问题,通过对数据虚拟的分析,提出了一种基于元数据驱动的数据虚拟系统体系结构.构建了用于描述和存储映射策略的支撑元模型,并建立了相应数据路由策略.提出了对等主键思想,降低了处理阻抗.     

基于细菌觅食机理改进粒子群算法的研究

粒子群算法与细菌觅食算法在优化问题中均体现了较好的性能,但由于各自特定的进化机制,也都存在缺点。粒子群优化（PSO）算法在优化过程中过快陷入局部极值,为了避免这个缺陷,提出了一种新的混合算法。通过PSO算法完成整个空间的全局搜索,通过细菌觅食算法（BFOA）中的趋向性运动算子完成局部搜索的功能,再通过典型函数进行测试,结果表明新算法可以有效弥补细菌觅食算法速度不快和粒子群算法精度不高的缺陷,同时部分地避免了局部收敛的问题,从而适用于解决复杂函数的优化问题。     

基于FOA-GRNN油井计量原油含水率的预测

研究原油含水率准确预测问题,提供高精度的原油含水率数据在油井计量中具有重要意义。针对原油含水率预测受到多因素影响,由于原油中存在复杂的非线性关系,传统的预测方法无法满足预测精度要求。为了提高原油含水率的预测精度,提出了果蝇优化广义回归神经网络的原油含水率预测方法,果蝇优化算法用于广义回归神经网络的参数优化。通过同轴线相位法含水率计的测量系统对原油含水率有影响的多个参量进行测定,建立果蝇算法优化广义回归神经网络的原油含水率预测模型。仿真结果表明:相对于广泛应用的BPNN预测模型,果蝇算法优化的广义回归神经网络预测精度高,是一种实用有效的原油含水率预测方法。     

致密油藏直井多层缝网压裂产量递减分析

垂向多层发育的致密油藏常采用缝网压裂进行开采,从而改善储层渗透率,提高油井产量。为此建立直井多层缝网压裂不稳定渗流数学模型,压裂后各层划分为人工裂缝区、改造区和未改造区。绘制分析Blasingame产量递减典型曲线,曲线分为7个流动阶段,总裂缝长度一定时,裂缝半长短的储层流体渗流率先到达未改造区,流体渗流阻力大,Blasingame曲线靠下;总改造体积一定时,各层改造体积差异越大,Blasingame曲线越靠下。用所建立的模型,对实测生产资料进行解释,获得各层裂缝半长、改造区渗透率等相关地层参数,该模型对进行多层缝网压裂直井产量分析具有指导意义。